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发表于 2006-11-30 08:22:49
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来自： 中国
液压专业词汇: m* ]& @: H9 a( h2 h
气液技术 hydropneumatics
, I6 N7 g( p. H运行工况 operating conditions& U; t. e! }0 c5 C- r. q, U+ \
额定工况 rated conditions
2 o1 n. b( t3 j) I" x; M极限工况 limited conditions N$ K, b9 ~9 X4 ?8 o
瞬态工况 instantaneous conditions! {5 B' A N' _. J
稳态工况 steady-state conditions4 Q% h$ x/ t% u2 [' T" t1 B
许用工况 acceptable conditions
& b. @& n2 w+ U k% f连续工况 continuous working conditions
6 A* c1 e. U6 j' g% K; j4 l实际工况 actual conditions" R; }) h1 ]4 p# \! K1 E' f
效率 efficiency# a2 H/ [( t3 X0 L% ~2 w; g6 h
旋转方向 direction of rotation& d, v: ~& P" ]- V1 I
公称压力 nominal pressure
; y+ _: k2 _8 w) `. L0 J: y工作压力 working pressure \# v( L2 e8 Q+ v5 M0 k/ N
进口压力 inlet pressure
: t5 z$ i5 ]* v8 U( J出口压力 outlet pressure! R* V! a6 z0 B% X2 u
压降 pressure drop；differential pressure
& o( O& n: [! U" k! o背压 back pressure+ f# Q, d$ G1 o! {# ?3 n7 S
启动压力 breakout pressure1 _& Z ~4 J2 V R: d" R9 W+ O
充油压力 charge pressure
5 w# z6 e( o7 C3 q' X" d开启压力 cracking pressure3 W7 }( o$ I, U+ f' C
峰值压力 peak pressure
O0 ]7 b0 j& ^) V4 i! r( C运行压力 operating pressure' `0 _5 D2 B, Z
耐压试验压力 proof pressure, `1 i$ i. g/ _6 \% g! `
冲击压力 surge pressure
6 P/ C& d( z" `$ T4 M6 Z3 v# o静压力 static pressure q, }: C6 } M) M
系统压力 system pressure
3 S7 \# Q X# n9 U控制压力 pilot pressure
u- M/ L. |3 k; o( @( X2 f充气压力 pre-charge pressure
8 C4 e9 A& X# O" \/ A7 U. F吸入压力 suction pressure2 u- e" |! D! P3 z' ~! @
调压偏差 override pressure
+ U9 T1 ~0 b8 X, L额定压力 rated pressure
( V, A- c+ B4 `. x耗气量 air consumption' }& F* [2 t; E) X4 g
泄漏 leakage) x1 D! a. A9 e
内泄漏 internal leakage( o8 i9 H2 `. X' ^ O6 N+ U. A# ~
外泄漏 external leakage
' D6 n- Z4 _" H1 V5 b& B2 M层流 laminar flow
. e) _: |6 j' }, m) K/ A紊流 turbulent flow9 z9 t5 {8 I% U+ V
气穴 cavitation
8 W2 u7 q8 V. p流量 flow rate
% ^# ]" |2 P6 q* ~. k排量 displacement* Z: v, t6 U2 l* }+ w
额定流量 rated flow" [' O: @& h9 O1 P; k+ N+ V( Y
供给流量 supply flow
1 ]5 K# H- L! d% Q% X, }' M1 Y: J流量系数 flower factor% d" D9 a, i$ F
滞环 hysteresis
/ |9 l4 E$ i }- _- d- [# ~: h" g图形符号 graphical symbol
/ v0 P+ D) S* Y/ E9 {液压气动元件图形符号 symbols for hydraulic and pneumatic components1 t4 u2 b; g+ E$ f! f$ X$ {6 }
流体逻辑元件图形符号 symbols for fluid logic devices' e% `+ Z) ?( q. C, c
逻辑功能图形符号 symbols for logic functions
, O' @9 ?+ [: C( H5 H) J3 u回路图 circuit diagram e, K8 F# E1 d) k$ t3 t W/ }$ F
压力－时间图 pressure time diagram& k+ V+ F: O( W& u- @/ F; C' G
功能图 function diagram9 Q K, c, F/ m+ a$ l* q
循环 circle! {. `9 @' P) j6 ~
自动循环 automatic cycle) K6 R p: S- A+ `8 Z- F
工作循环 working cycle
4 K, G0 n; s' v8 u循环速度 cycling speed
+ H+ {0 {1 w# E; N, Q, D工步 phase
2 U- k& D- J W: g/ ^7 {1 i `停止工步 dwell phase" q. w* b/ B3 f7 y3 y( B
工作工步 working phase
# ^8 r9 ?5 z1 J& h" L1 i& @快进工步 rapid advance phase
4 f) k; w" q& k快退工步 rapid return phase
I9 R7 i0 D5 b% w' r* J8 S频率响应 frequency response8 E3 i0 I" I7 f2 a6 B$ A
重复性 repeat ability
% E4 A' o% a: s/ y复现性 reproducibility
& h( N+ _( y- _3 R6 d漂移 drift
( @$ r4 o8 g; b4 _7 d8 g2 Z+ J波动 ripple
* b# x( A* s4 ^1 U* O线性度 linearity2 W# {; \! i2 H( d9 y' \ j
线性区 linear region$ Q% F, o& i4 c y" w# \
液压锁紧 hydraulic lock3 [: k0 o! J3 e7 b$ o2 i& ^; q
液压卡紧 sticking! o* |5 b5 Y( k) |3 d- @
变量泵 variable displacement pump8 f" D5 M% |6 P p6 M
泵的控制 control of pump
* ]' E. t% F! y: m齿轮泵 gear pump) S; t# X; n5 k7 L6 E
叶片泵 vane pump
" _" f7 R, X8 r& P. i柱塞泵 piston pump
! Z7 r: J, {/ Q+ ]+ U: R; U轴向柱塞泵 axial piston pump/ b5 Q k6 c* g
法兰安装 flange mounting7 F. T" O* n; P, |2 L! I; p( x
底座安装 foot mounting
5 u; f$ [* P7 R K液压马达 hydraulic motor
/ a% V& u/ |9 W4 R! Z4 H% e刚度 stiffness# \- L) V$ H# _6 |
中位 neutral position, i" D+ H1 ]! h6 _" ~) o3 A1 I. }. p2 Z
零位 zero position9 X+ d" v. Y3 ^$ g q7 R
自由位 free position
, T* o3 ~% x% h0 d5 _ ?* h6 l& p缸 cylinder$ Z& ?* G) u% s. {, |5 F( d
有杆端 rod end. w& d2 K' y6 d4 @
无杆端 rear end! O- x- C. f; g6 x: M
外伸行程 extend stroke. e9 r" i) h8 j0 `1 i0 D( x, Z+ T. i+ p
内缩行程 retract stroke
$ x" V: J0 G/ l/ g3 O: {缓冲 cushioning
, _$ n% |7 Z) K! F! }, a工作行程 working stroke
! @6 L6 K t; L0 S7 A6 B负载压力 induced pressure
+ T+ ?1 r, W5 I# G& Y7 V5 I输出力 force2 f4 O3 W( b1 f8 a% ?1 {" L
实际输出力 actual force( e$ b; p7 |( |- P
单作用缸 single-acting cylinder
5 e5 L u8 B7 N+ m: Q4 @双作用缸 double-acting cylinder
, {9 q# G0 k8 ^4 ?8 ?差动缸 differential cylinder
* @: C* e( b. B3 Q6 P伸缩缸 telescopic cylinder
3 {* r' Y" c. p* c% _阀 valve
( c/ k9 i3 @+ i; O2 D! b底板 sub-plate
h: R2 z, n( G/ {! `2 o% O油路块 manifold block
/ x% U4 [( Y8 m0 _* [' b; d板式阀 sub-plate valve
b3 W" E5 @/ _叠加阀 sandwich valve9 \2 W/ a' X3 o* |
插装阀 cartridge valve; [5 H) K( S+ k a/ l
滑阀 slide valve
7 m! E4 A/ R: K锥阀 poppet valve
( J7 E- t" R- o. G; u" d: ^阀芯 valve element ) x( t& i; |9 x6 l8 Z9 V- r1 E
阀芯位置 valve element position
Z* V/ ?- N/ s0 q单向阀 check valve& [4 a2 e3 k# J |
液控单向阀 pilot-controlled check valve
0 e3 c2 ]+ J( K. C0 E- G1 Q3 _梭阀 shuttle valve% w0 s* _7 W. [' R1 T7 g& x; |
压力控制阀 pressure relief valve% | k, s8 M+ E2 S/ B8 G4 W
溢流阀 pressure relief valve
- U0 D! R- V W4 g* |顺序阀 sequence valve
2 n I* y& E( l: f4 A9 f减压阀 pressure reducing valve
3 |4 X' h$ Q! t; c# @4 u# Y平衡阀 counterbalance valve" W$ ^2 S+ A/ q9 |8 @
卸荷阀 unloading valve0 f, u$ i/ u" W, p; j# d; I" j5 i2 d
直动式 directly operated type: M, B9 n; G' Q9 i: ~
先导式 pilot-operated type
- @- C/ d' j% _5 E机械控制式 mechanically controlled type
# S+ i3 K) o1 @4 }; u! V9 T手动式 manually operated type; l2 ~* f2 ]# Y& L/ D
液控式 hydraulic controlled type* b5 N: k8 f3 u6 [, A7 G/ u( O
流量控制阀 flow control valve+ }! C* d7 p4 C0 O* Q3 Z% x M
固定节流阀 fixed restrictive valve6 j+ Y/ R( v7 r( m! `: K
可调节流阀 adjustable restrictive valve# l/ X2 b9 N6 i
单向节流阀 one-way restrictive valve
% u$ k8 b$ `1 ^, O调速阀 speed regulator valve9 @* Z* K: c3 K; d
分流阀 flow divider valve y! y4 P) l( N$ I
集流阀 flow-combining valve" H4 V+ W; h, j( i5 {2 d
截止阀 shut-off valve
- T: s d! [* e" q球阀 global(ball) valve
& _' X! }5 p: A. {& f3 q, h& K% b4 t针阀 needle valve
2 k# u) E+ r+ P/ M闸阀 gate valve
9 C- m7 d$ B% q膜片阀 diaphragm valve
7 A6 Q% o3 d' j: @. w1 L; y3 v$ d蝶阀 butterfly valve5 c l, `+ E- R% q% x" b9 L. q/ e
噪声等级noise level8 J7 B+ L2 g: d. I/ r- |* Z; P
放大器 amplifier5 ~6 x. g: j, N- @1 T& V- I
模拟放大器 analogue amplifier$ l: t: X1 ]5 c& m0 C
数字放大器 digital amplifier: `& N* P+ Y" k+ N4 E
传感器 sensor
6 Z2 _* k7 {' Q( k- d- I: M阈值 threshold8 a: C2 z6 T' t @( ]
伺服阀 servo-valve! ^) A' {% b3 W4 \9 q
四通阀 four-way valve
- R/ n& \" b5 `: {2 i! r( y# q喷嘴挡板 nozzle flapper
. o7 ^0 ] W% [+ S" c' ~4 G/ r液压放大器 hydraulic amplifier% I7 w. W, U6 Z/ c7 B8 ~, l
颤振 dither
, V9 c* T3 I+ m2 U( j( G6 x" A阀极性 valve polarity0 t; }7 w; u4 ?' ^4 ]4 `6 H5 z( {& M
流量增益 flow gain
0 G" z2 V/ G! r9 G# k对称度 symmetry
5 D- a% O2 n( c; h$ r' L流量极限 flow limit1 _. W/ c* J0 e" ~7 c
零位内泄漏 null(quiescent) leakage
9 ^' a; \8 w4 o" H U; z, d$ }遮盖 lap& P) `4 P1 |1 Y6 ]5 _
零遮盖 zero lap
" m* p: O z* c! q正遮盖 over lap
7 h* J+ U% B" b9 M负遮盖 under lap
6 f8 Z! K7 I! I! k7 a/ @2 `5 e" B开口 opening% }; a. J8 D( d3 N3 K/ C Y" |$ E; s
零偏 null bias
: X* S7 Y1 Q7 p, F( V! `6 L0 m$ n- P零漂 null drift
p) f; j, H( m( m阀压降 valve pressure drop# `! L' A; x9 P: _ W
分辨率 resolution' a. E/ a8 ]' p) Q7 R# D
频率响应 frequency response
( T Y$ n" Q# h6 F" u幅值比 amplitude ratio
* I' @! {* G3 S4 N5 n相位移 phase lag
6 }2 z& i# O6 o( F. J1 h传递函数 transfer function) k4 m1 y( v% Y' W
管路 flow line+ n4 [7 L% \, J$ P5 @1 [7 A/ w$ G
硬管 rigid tube- {4 X# i! Q3 |0 `1 q
软管 flexible hose
9 W( u; @/ N: E/ G! _7 m7 y l工作管路 working line, N1 d) q8 K f: c: L
回油管路 return line8 ^2 P5 l8 W% H3 A/ ~. y$ |# z! E
补液管路 replenishing line3 k+ } N- z* e, c" ]
控制管路 pilot line
. V8 u2 T7 t9 Y& I g2 ~4 q* l. L, j泄油管路 drain line
2 j/ F3 K! S$ @2 i( U' J) ^放气管路 bleed line
; P/ q- J( p% S0 Y. m接头 fitting；connection
$ [3 b# g/ B R- U; _7 V焊接式接头 welded fitting
" ~$ p7 T+ A9 `& L扩口式接头 flared fitting
9 A( u0 s0 E% A" j1 x快换接头 quick release coupling( V% z8 e$ Z2 h$ B: p# r. |% K+ {
法兰接头 flange connection
[& z$ g( O; ]1 V8 b弯头 elbow
* m+ K4 H8 d5 \异径接头 reducer fitting+ O2 J5 S- y) i5 y/ A- T F
流道 flow pass
8 I. S9 b0 C+ `8 r油口 port1 w$ u5 _ t9 { _& Z% y- K
闭式油箱 sealed reservoir7 Q- p% u n+ P& v
油箱容量 reservoir fluid capacity2 y5 w, p$ I u4 K9 N3 K2 G
气囊式蓄能器bladder accumulator
T: e. m* a/ G [, U7 W8 @1 O" v8 d: h& N空气污染 air contamination7 V1 R& s; R, z% g. Q3 y
固体颗粒污染 solid contamination
8 e9 D- a9 X) H! r% g液体污染 liquid contamination( J. t* M/ a: ~4 _# q- f$ @1 q
空气过滤器 air filter
+ o# Y+ M% p; `( M% W油雾气 lubricator# g% P) L' ~$ d2 Z
热交换器 heat exchanger7 p9 ?; y/ R8 T* v0 J1 ~* k& X
冷却器 cooler9 E+ B& v9 |1 i( u
加热器 heater# E6 E& c1 @% V
温度控制器 thermostat& D2 b# X+ A0 F, Y' _3 L0 c9 I, ?% P) N
消声器 silencer
; c1 p) [0 x+ V: r2 G* ~/ y双筒过滤器 duplex filter
5 L7 n$ @$ i+ ^! Z# l* L! c$ N过滤器压降 filter pressure drop3 Y) z- b% Z7 Q# a7 R3 v; t7 h
有效过滤面积 effective filtration area& G: U( K' U$ M+ L" m
公称过滤精度 nominal filtration rating E E1 Y! f7 m- b' E
压溃压力 collapse pressure* s# u8 `# x8 V( O% C& C6 r. s
填料密封 packing seal
9 F# Y5 J( P) D, q' I$ V3 _! K机械密封 mechanical seal
2 f, R( n6 t$ V4 g/ {& Q& N径向密封 radial seal# [5 [! |: O3 f' @4 l* X
旋转密封 rotary seal
% I9 M( b m( i' w/ V- N( b活塞密封 piston seal
, I+ s( r) Y. b3 |; X+ n1 k活塞杆密封 rod seal
& t1 E" k0 K8 Y; u( Y7 u防尘圈密封 wiper seal；scraper
. Z+ k8 Q& `7 @1 P' l6 b组合垫圈 bonded washer
6 \, m& ^/ a: i6 r复合密封件 composite seal! [9 b$ V9 {% W+ C/ k0 X, j3 d* `
弹性密封件 elastomer seal
" j% m5 d( p3 Q$ D' n: z; l丁腈橡胶 nitrile butadiene rubber；NBR
5 n z! ^; U; D- @# l2 x聚四氟乙烯 polytetrafluoroethene；PTFE# X6 c7 @5 P) b5 z0 C
优先控制 override control6 G' c7 x3 J3 {9 \* \
压力表 pressure gauge
7 h+ h1 Q7 y" |5 T& O2 H9 Z+ e压力传感器 electrical pressure transducer- {) l' |9 v2 w! t
压差计 differential pressure instrument
2 h, U( u* K; r液位计 liquid level measuring instrument4 x/ U' w5 e8 ?' f
流量计 flow meter
# ^2 r' o1 z% Q) o6 r3 I" ]" ]压力开关 pressure switch |
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