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目录5 z7 n! A2 x3 j
1力基(标/校)准机 ( )
/ M0 I7 C& s. X2 K1.1 力 ( Force) ( )( V' e4 k0 r, m. e! D* \/ E& w Z% |
1.2 万有引力 (Universal gravitation) ( )6 g* G! n" q: I
1.3 重力 (gravity) ( )
% J" Y' I% p/ Z2 P3 {2 ~; Z1.4 弹性力 (elastica) ( )
# |' q4 m; f0 d, M7 q, G Q B/ V6 z1.5 重力加速度 (gravity acceleration) ( )
. R/ |$ Q" r8 x7 r, Q p1.6 牛顿 (Newton) ( )3 P0 f7 D, b! m9 z3 p
1.7 力标准机 (force standard machine) ( )
6 N& { P5 j% h- k, |; b1.8 力基准机 (primary force standard machine) ( )% c8 j$ H1 e3 _+ c( _; n
1.9 力校准机 (force calibration machine) ( )
: Z- n( H' s6 _1 }& @7 m3 J* P, I/ w1.10 静重式力标准机 (deadweight force standard machine - DWM) ( )
8 u7 U( m. \7 M$ j) D# p1.11 杠杆式力标准机 (lever-amplification force standard machine - LM) ( )1 G3 [( `7 f3 L: N
1.12 液压式力标准机 (hydraulic-amplification force standard machine-HM) ( )
' ]( b2 i+ f6 K8 g1.13 叠加式力标准机 (build-up force standard machine-BM) ( )
* ?9 S; e( |5 o+ x4 s2 m1.14 力比较机 (force comparator-FC) ( )% b3 K0 y: K, G7 o# Y; X- B0 a; P
1.15 扭矩基准机 (primary standard torquer) ( )
/ o% r! d6 A, W$ Q6 u1.16 扭矩校准机 (torque calibration machine) ( )
5 W# o3 r+ P% P$ P! L1.17 静重式扭矩标准机 (deadweight torque standard machine - DTM) ( )3 B) b: y5 H1 `4 \/ Q0 T
1.18 杠杆式扭矩标准机 (lever-amplification torque standard machine - LTM) ( )
1 h6 D" n6 _0 D" p9 }1.19 串接式扭矩标准机 (serial-connection torquer -SCT) ( )4 T1 P8 a3 y1 Q
1.20 测力式扭矩标准机 (torquer by mean of measuring force-TMF) ( )
, s/ r K. n# B) z, a( `8 |1.21 扭矩校准杠杆(torque-calibration lever) ( )
% [5 U3 u! [1 }9 _$ \1.22 摆锤式冲击标准机 (pendulum impact standard machine) ( ). O4 R) P% J: `3 ]/ ^& s( s
1.23 摆锤式冲击基准机 (pendulum impact primary standard machine) ( )
# O( ^3 R$ }" T2 I1.24 力值不确定度 (force uncertainty) ( )# f& J0 d( b" V2 Z% j5 A6 L( y
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1.25 力值重复性 (force repeatability) ( )
4 l0 o. B. t* j& Q# q+ e0 k1.26 力值示偏差(force indication deviation) ( )
" Y6 J# J( z$ Z/ O4 F2 j1.27 力值范围 (force range) ( )
5 c$ N/ v; H; \) Z5 S' G+ M! J/ h7 \1.28 力级 (force step) ( )7 j+ ]! ^! Q1 U3 I" a
1.29 灵敏阈 (sensitivity threshold) ( )0 `: z4 q8 }: {/ o F
1.30 寄生分量 (parasitic components) ( )! X/ t. |7 u7 `9 A
1.31 旋转效应 (rotation effect) ( )
$ |% B1 m+ W: q% g+ Y: Y2 g) L1.32 重叠效应 (overlapping effect) ( )1 U8 N1 T( S' l. o* g
1.33 力值直线度 (linearity of force) ( )7 Q' K& @; U- `; j2 u- ?2 G
1.34 附加滞后 (additional hysteresis) ( )0 |# O& Z( L$ r
1.35 递增负荷 (increasing force) ( )
0 N; S6 H+ A% w$ ]( ]1.36 递减负荷 (decreasing force) ( )& j+ | u$ r2 Z- t! L$ j
1.37 逆负荷现象 (counter-force phenomenon) ( )9 R. ~# `) i/ q- r3 r; K3 w/ u8 i
1.38 加荷时间 (period for loading) ( )
8 j0 q/ b) k8 N% Y0 i5 b1.39 加荷速率 (loading rate) ( )& Q F% r/ j( L t6 f
1.40 卸荷时间 (period for unloading) ( )# l5 d1 T. Z7 `4 Q' a/ p$ f
1.41 卸荷速率 (unloading rate) ( )
- {8 |6 ?1 ^4 B/ w( U% v1.42 砝码 (weight) ( )2 B: V! i: H) p% T
1.43 机架 (fixed framework) ( )
3 f" n* ]- U J4 \ y7 K1.44 负荷机架 (loading frame) ( )* N6 \: R5 t; Q! V( m N# q
1.45 压力试台 (Platform for loading) ( )
; r. }, l; O/ Z1.46 提升架 (lifting frame) ( )
( ?* v* N S6 O* R! g1.47 加荷横梁 (beam for loading) ( )' `: k$ K! a; ?% [4 z, b0 y0 S
1.48 压缩空间 (room for compression device) ( )
2 A0 V5 z) [7 b, }2 F/ G1.49 拉伸空间 (room for tension device) ( )
& \- e. B# @, i6 B9 h1.50 反向器 (reverser) ( )6 ~% r6 Q1 p. S7 c) E( ^
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% d# ^- X4 Y6 s2 g. s1.51 杠杆 (lever) ( )
. o& s S: K: M8 O1 \1.52 支点刀 (supporting-knife) ( )
# |7 y# v C/ m7 a# M: |; `/ L1.53 重点刀 (weight-knife) ( ): [+ t# X0 \4 b2 t9 u
1.54 力点刀 (force-knife) ( )) e# b* ?) g; q; N8 }8 X
1.54 杠杆有效长度 (effective length of lever) ( )( C* [2 Q1 T U4 W4 L! g) r
1.55 杠杆比 (Lever amplification-ratio) ( )
% _ |+ z# T) s6 s5 }8 z4 n! h1.56 直接加荷部分 (directly loading unit) ( )
% a w5 N$ \8 |5 a, r) v1.57 负荷放大部分 (main unit) ( )- M( m2 P4 r! W1 M3 M
1.58 比例活塞 (proportional piston) ( )8 t1 l( i+ i \0 H4 W5 l) ^" y V
1.59 比例油缸 (proportional cylinder) ( )
7 I4 D7 p' @; N( x( `! @: O1.60 加荷活塞 (loading piston) ( )
4 V* ?$ D- E! e3 x. |8 \1.61 加荷油缸 (loading cylinder) ( )7 i% Z1 e2 g f& L3 R
1.62 放大比 (Amplification ratio) ( ). M8 m0 m8 S' Y
1.63 活塞有效面积 (effective cross-area of piston) ( )$ s# W6 v6 L% e! o# X
1.64 油缸转速 (turn-speed of cylinder) ( )3 f3 R( Q: B# ~+ G8 r+ j
1.65 油缸旋转线速度 (speed of cylinder) ( )
4 A' B, R# H7 D1 G+ k# c1.66 导向活塞 (guide-piston ( )# Z5 H$ j3 t1 T8 w1 l" P! D* N+ c
1.67 最大压力 (maximum pressure) ( )
! C8 B* M" H g% h; D0 I1.68 负荷转换活塞 (piston for load relieving & pressure transmitting) ( )/ |( H# w" [. v
1.69 负荷转换油缸 (cylinder for load relieving & pressure transmitting) ( )
: _) T% O: q4 S1 m, }5 c1.70 同轴度 (coaxality) ( )
6 m* s* L, Z- b+ T- T* j% J1.71 几何同轴度 (geometric coaxality) ( ); h8 a5 i7 y3 p; l& @2 ?- i$ J
1.72 受力同轴度 (coaxality with load) ( ) L0 e' T: T4 v4 v* ~' U
2 测力仪 ( )
( n/ Q+ M. E0 y+ m4 C9 |2.1 测力仪 (dynamometer) ( )
3 Y/ Q9 J1 \/ T0 F: @2.2 标准测力仪 (standard dynamometer) ( )' b9 v. K5 @5 P/ {$ m% r
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2.3 弹性体 (elastic element) ( )0 Z( w1 I0 B7 r# e: d) q2 H: e) h
2.4 变形测量装置 (indicator of deflection) ( )6 d9 }7 G5 \6 y+ ~, p
2.5 变形 (deformation) ( )
/ {' a5 Y- X+ T7 } _ n/ a2.6 额定变形 (deflection under rated load) ( )
- n, e" b3 u5 p# r3 L- I: l2.7 读数值 (reading) ( )! R6 i9 A( x$ C2 Z0 X' v) \ H
2.8 变形示值 (indication of deflection) ( )& u/ Y) ~! K) H5 L
2.9 测力环 (proving ring) ( )
! W& L* D `0 r, @% p; S2.10 压向测力仪 (compression dynamometer) ( )$ B$ ~9 O3 O6 K2 [6 G1 A
2.11 拉向测力仪 (tension dynamometer) ( )( h" m5 U& F) ~+ @
2.12 双向测力仪 (tension & compression dynamometer) ( )7 l' L7 I" H5 Z2 N4 e" V
2.13 负荷 (load) ( )
# r! P* y- u3 Z. H2.14 静负荷 (static load) ( )
$ c" w( h7 n0 _$ q2.15 动负荷 (dynamic load) ( )2 G( i3 O5 ]6 q% H# U% q* R. l% T0 [
2.16 循环负荷 (cycle load) ( )
2 L6 v3 t7 k" e6 S$ A- T2.17 随机负荷 (random load) ( )
8 h" r) B4 z$ V+ ?% F. V# A. }7 L4 P2.18 冲击负荷 (impact load) ( )% u R) x* u# i$ O4 k" x( v
2.19 额定负荷 (rated load) ( )2 s5 D" }7 A9 @, l* S* G7 ?/ \3 F5 A
2.20 最小负荷 (minimum load) ( )
/ b* B+ t0 F- \) ^. n2 O8 w4 r' |2.21 负荷范围 (load range) ( )
$ K' e; q! q+ a! `, F" _6 V2.22 预负荷 (preload) ( )
3 Y0 d% n1 `* m. Y! ^2 e+ ~- N2.23 检定 (verification) ( )3 b" z% P. ~8 L$ b
2.24 定度 (calibration) ( )
3 T$ p; z. i* M. }, H( E2.25 进程定度 (increasing calibration) ( )# K4 S1 X2 f1 A/ Y: P
2.26 回程定度 (decreasing calibration) ( )
8 K3 R) m4 B* ~4 g' h c) [- |2.27 分度值 (division) ( )+ m6 C H* {+ A. K+ D- a
2.28 重复性 (repeatability) ( )
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2 w. n: p* _% n. G9 P+ E2.29 滞后 (hysteresis) ( )& t4 R, {9 g0 m( C
2.30 稳定度 (Long-term stability) ( ). e q+ y1 C) e
2.31 温度修正系数 (coefficient for temperature correction) ( )
6 ~, X' Q3 D( I7 M% t2.32 校准方程 (calibration equation) ( )
2 q! s% [7 e' Y3 E2.33 管形测力仪 (cylindric dynamometer) ( )
/ r5 q* F& H: {/ _/ N2.34 扭矩仪 (torque-meter) ( )$ C4 l* Z* O' U/ z+ M' e1 Z5 W
2.35 标准扭矩仪 (standard torque-meter) ( )
8 D C+ Y2 P$ H- J; F2.36 扭矩扳子 (Torque wrench) ( )
|4 L# l5 c( w/ P( N2.37 扭矩扳子检定/校准仪(Calibrator of torque wrench) ( )
. ?. u) R2 ^6 q: f+ \. P2.38 扭矩改锥 (Torque driver) ( )
2 v! n3 k6 {4 b" x2.39 扭矩改锥检定/校准仪(Calibrator of torque driver) ( )/ @" r6 M0 X# ?$ u, y/ L# E
2.40 测功机(Machine measuring power) ( )( r6 P7 U1 v. Q! {/ E
2.41 摆锤式冲击机检定标准装置 (standard equipment for calibration of pendulum7 q- S; M4 g3 O2 e6 C
impact machine), g: P! _ |1 J# w8 y' F$ `
( )
. {1 a M6 f5 D8 J' v2.42 标准冲击块 (standard impact blocks) ( )+ M. K6 u2 q4 \0 V
3 负荷传感器 ( )
2 T l9 h. \0 D7 r/ A5 |5 Q3.1 环境条件 (ambient conditions) ( )
! L) a$ n/ W% F3.2 环境温度 (ambient temperature) ( )9 A |" [( C; x( f
3.3 使用环境条件 (ambient condition,operating) ( )% ^+ g+ d0 q: g! C( W" m3 H4 r* S
3.4 室内条件 (room condition) ( )
1 R3 R# i4 G( D2 A9 ~3.5 标准试验条件 (standard test condition) ( )
. _: `/ N1 H* V3.6 负荷传感器 (load cell) ( ). S h0 d+ c" {1 V! R+ A+ _+ _
3.7 测力传感器 (Force transducer) ( )
! |3 o; j6 f) {! h, q4 C3.9 扭矩传感器(Torque transducer) ( ), ]4 d$ Q1 e# N& c2 ^) ?: T! {
3.10 多分量传感器(Multi-component transducer) ( )' b! a* ?5 Y3 Q, Q
3.11 参考传感器(组)(Reference transducer(s)) ( )
. d8 |# H: d* k- F) O: T3.12 多分量校准系统(Calibration system for multi-component transducer) ( )" H' f1 K: Q7 f0 R
3.13 应变式负荷传感器 (strain gauge load cell) ( )9 `- W, v& E* s Q
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3.14 压电式负荷传感器 (piezoelectric load cell) ( )
. C# E# P2 {2 a3.15 压磁式负荷传感器 (magneto-elastic load cell) ( )
$ X% m' f2 \! r- p3.16 电感式负荷传感器 (inductive load cell) ( )
. D+ Y/ i5 K; a2 i$ g3.17 电容式负荷传感器 (capacitive load cell) ( ), o E8 R4 g8 U5 {4 J/ [
3.18 压阻式负荷传感器 (piezoresistive load cell) ( )4 K2 d, Q/ ]7 {* v. a' I
3.19 敏感元件 (sensing element) ( )
% D/ T! n$ G% m3 q3 Z4 d2 F3.20 主轴线 (primary axis) ( ), J# N7 v! ]1 u z5 v2 m
3.21 轴向负荷 (axial load) ( )
8 {; q+ N/ O: c+ N2 z3.22 安全过负荷 (overload, safe) ( )9 b* ~: f$ F$ z$ Q/ y, a
3.23 极限过负荷 (0verload, ultimate) ( )* h& G* y3 t/ F3 D: s
3.24 侧向负荷 (side load) ( )3 T; w [7 r0 y8 N- r
3.25 偏心负荷 (eccentric load) ( )
* h/ ~+ b. I. l t$ c" e5 h3.26 同心倾斜负荷 (angular load,concentric) ( )
8 H }- E+ J1 ]+ b1 p3.27 偏心倾斜负荷 (angular load,eccentric) ( )# P: z9 W4 n* j" L) M' g
3.28 输出 (output) ( )
2 ?# V( S: a) t2 x2 w0 g! d3.29 额定输出 (rated output) ( )
; v5 U6 x/ e8 k3.30 零点输出 (zero output) ( ): }# V9 N; p' G
3.31 过冲 (overshoot) ( )
0 u( t( k9 @0 _& E3.32 校准 (calibration) ( )
; ^& Y4 A# h) z0 x) p3.33 静态校准 (static calibration) ( )0 [0 X; |8 o* r/ M+ I
3.34 校准曲线 (calibration curve) ( )( a z$ U4 N- v8 y
3.35 工作直线 (operating line) ( )
( m6 p3 H& k& U, V3.36 端点直线 (end-point line) ( )8 G$ H8 |/ [0 m5 z% {7 ~
3.37 端点平移直线 (end-point line,translation) ( )
) F& J- S# c7 K5 Q/ X/ J A- V, F3.38 最小二乘法直线 (least-squares line) ( )7 D/ \( l' J( b
3.39 灵敏度 (sensitivity) ( )3 t6 }3 Z* P- y# P8 w) g8 n
3.40 灵敏度允差 (tolerance,sensitivity) ( )
/ W/ d' s1 W( i& @3.41 不对称度 (un-symmetry) ( )
' `- S$ I7 |0 @& L' @, V3.42 直线度 (linearity) ( )7 {) r+ I' e, D% F3 U
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3.43 综合误差 (combined error) ( )% t: z/ k- Z5 M, Z9 q% G* a# h
3.44 蠕变 (creep) ( )9 G6 z4 J* I( j% w% \* \
3.45 蠕变恢复 (creep recovery) ( )
f1 R& l" m& l* w3.46 输入电阻 (input resistance) ( )0 K7 g0 L3 Y/ q
3.47 输出电阻 (output resistance) ( )" E* r1 t% }2 d6 k+ |
3.48 绝缘电阻 (insulation resistance) ( )
. l+ |/ ^' y+ |$ }3.49 激励 (excitation) ( )
% L0 f* M9 s5 y, k6 h3.50 最大激励 (maximum excitation) ( )" b: h4 u4 L; S
3.51 补偿 (compensation) ( )
: b4 m ~3 ]9 G4 ~) ?) U3.52 安全温度范围 (temperature range, safe) ( )) W% o& i0 n, h! \- f% K% B) O0 f
3.53 额定输出温度影响 (temperature effect on rated output) ( )
0 f3 D5 X6 s) G% `8 T9 _( u3.54 零点输出温度影响 (temperature effect on zero output) ( )
. w$ i/ d: u t1 k: T% z3.55 温度补偿范围 (Temperature range,compensation) ( )
% \6 z& m% C7 b0 R* j; w: z3.56 预热时间 (warm-up period) ( )
6 T. g6 `- Z+ }& k a5 j2 K$ y9 t3.57 稳定时间 (stabilization period) ( )/ U; s1 I8 f; U7 ?! I% }6 ?
3.58 额定输出环境影响 (span instability) ( )8 ^7 b! h3 e5 d7 _9 l
3.59 漂移 (drift) ( )$ y; d- J+ E( B; c
3.60 灵敏度漂移 (sensitivity drift) ( )
8 ~- z6 A+ P# z ]8 `3 W3.61 零点漂移 (zero drift) ( )9 s2 {7 m7 `, W
3.62 零点永久漂移 (Zero drift,permanent) ( )9 h" l4 q; X+ a9 s
3.63 零点恢复 (zero return) ( )* G3 @4 j6 \. D& B/ X+ l6 h
3.64 零点环境影响 (zero instability) ( )( U+ l# M; V x3 v, H4 x
3.65 零点移动 (zero float) ( )
6 F: a. ?& ^ l8 z6 L: R% @3.66 使用寿命 (Life,operating) ( )& w( n8 K" {5 d
3.67 循环寿命 (Life,cycling) ( )
" q6 J! k" T) W! l3.68 固有频率 (natural frequency) ( )6 n r8 z/ I) q! X0 U4 R; T. F
3.69 动态特性 (dynamic characteristics) ( )2 V ]5 _- f: l- U& V; H
3.70 频率响应 (frequency response) ( ) |
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