锰钢与钢轨钢二次闪光对焊接头的组织和冲击韧性

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锰钢与钢轨钢二次闪光对焊接头的组织和冲击韧性
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摘　要　通过工艺试验，力学性能检验以及光镜、电镜、X射线衍射、电子探针等显微分析手段，对高锰钢与钢轨钢二次闪光对焊接头的组织形态和冲击韧性进行了系统研究，确定了接头各区的组织形态和冲击韧性的变化情况，并提出了高锰钢与钢轨钢二次闪光对焊时改善钢轨钢焊接热影响区冲击韧性的工艺措施。研究表明，利用过渡材料来实现焊接性差、成分和物理性能相差悬殊的高锰钢与钢轨钢的焊接是一种行之有效的工艺措施。
关键词：　高锰钢　钢轨钢　闪光对焊　组织　韧性

Microstructure and Toughness of Welded Joints Between Austenitic
2 b! m8 \8 G. c$ S/ z$ qManganese Steel and Rail Steel by Double Flash Butt Welding

Xu Hongji, Zhang Wenzhong,Wang Jichang
(Dalian Railway Institute)
Zhang Wenyue
(Tianjin University)

Abstract　In this paper,the microstructure and toughness of welded joints between austenitic manganese steel and rail steel by double flash butt welding were investigated by means of changing welding parameters, mechanical testing,examintion of microstructure with the optical microscope,electron microscope,X-ray diffraction,and electron probe analysis etc. Though investigation of microstructure and toughness in different zones of welded joints,a new method is proposed to improve HAZ toughness in side of rail steel on two dissimilar steel welded joint by flash butt welding. Our investigations have revealed that it is an effective method to weld austenitic manganese steel to rail steel using the intermediate materials. It is very difficult to weld austenitic steel to rail steel since they have quite different chemical composition and physical property.
* E1 M9 K6 k& gKey words　austenitic manganese steel,rail steel,microstructure toughness,flash butt welding

0　序　　言

　　铸造高锰钢（ZGMn13)韧性好，加工硬化能力强，作为耐磨材料被广泛应用于要求抗磨损的工件上，如铁道辙叉、挖掘机斗齿、破碎机锤头等。生产中不但要遇到对高锰钢铸件的焊补或磨损、裂纹等的修复，而且要遇到高锰钢与其它材料的焊接问题。例如：高速、重载铁路的必备轨道结构—跨区间超长无缝线路建设中涉及的高锰钢辙叉与碳素钢轨的焊接就是近二十多年来国内外普遍关注的重大课题［1～4］，也是制约我国铁路实现高速、重载的关键之一。