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发表于 2006-11-30 08:22:49
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来自： 中国
液压专业词汇) M0 c9 H) n" m6 [/ M, t1 t# @
气液技术 hydropneumatics" B: n! l) q/ q6 H" `: I0 j7 w, ?
运行工况 operating conditions% f! C0 k. X) R# ?, e7 N; w
额定工况 rated conditions, z0 L6 Q- K- k1 E4 p" O9 g
极限工况 limited conditions
! |9 O1 m- F) u0 V瞬态工况 instantaneous conditions, y; B7 N- s) D3 b" S+ z
稳态工况 steady-state conditions$ I7 u/ `2 D, E$ q
许用工况 acceptable conditions
/ | {/ Q3 @7 W连续工况 continuous working conditions# y# m. B* W2 A0 Y$ R7 s
实际工况 actual conditions
, T3 }4 S5 @6 d, {. H效率 efficiency) v# m2 o& e9 c: |* F# o
旋转方向 direction of rotation
2 m( Z$ i9 h/ e P+ S% k3 @5 F公称压力 nominal pressure
, z, c% _# S. m工作压力 working pressure
3 ^6 e: s/ k8 C5 K, b; A进口压力 inlet pressure
; {! [1 ?0 q- ?- ?9 `; s1 t2 @出口压力 outlet pressure3 z8 m- |3 t! g; H0 Z
压降 pressure drop；differential pressure: q/ d' h* ]0 l
背压 back pressure% c) q( f" R! g6 ~ a2 x; t
启动压力 breakout pressure4 T8 e7 ]& X3 d% N9 M' p! }, {# Y2 t
充油压力 charge pressure+ T' A- m$ j, u3 h
开启压力 cracking pressure
T. X* [4 k+ q9 _4 o4 x7 y峰值压力 peak pressure
: M D" N+ ~+ l1 L6 a* H运行压力 operating pressure4 }; ]) h" M% g: B8 A
耐压试验压力 proof pressure
) C w, n# h1 P冲击压力 surge pressure# f+ j0 |3 [4 |& x6 Q* S, H6 f
静压力 static pressure* M3 P9 S* V1 o. \' ?
系统压力 system pressure
# J3 v& L- ~9 o# F: k3 s( u5 A控制压力 pilot pressure
. D7 X4 a, ?$ g! Y( R2 |: \充气压力 pre-charge pressure
+ r: H; `& ~ x1 Z吸入压力 suction pressure3 w' J: T9 ]) S" \) o u
调压偏差 override pressure
- q4 `! F6 {+ U# x额定压力 rated pressure% q; x: M& X( i8 x) p( |. x/ A
耗气量 air consumption
/ ~. }4 F, c# X2 _4 g) ^; d泄漏 leakage) C C8 }% h2 |: X3 j4 W/ A8 Q5 V
内泄漏 internal leakage6 f( q! ?6 C4 @
外泄漏 external leakage. N) m0 Y: R8 Y- K& |
层流 laminar flow
L; ~2 O( H5 x3 v紊流 turbulent flow
, f z$ Z {1 V! X. }' ]! K1 T$ M气穴 cavitation4 ~6 `) h# U O/ E7 _- w
流量 flow rate
( a" s S/ F7 G排量 displacement' o2 v8 l G! n+ |7 x, n; E
额定流量 rated flow2 h; X* F/ h# b& c% P: c1 t- }
供给流量 supply flow
7 v8 B' Q8 v6 l* ] f( H( ]7 K流量系数 flower factor
, C% Z7 Y* F# R" U* l8 R% y滞环 hysteresis, |4 y: ^3 H6 y6 }1 k, c
图形符号 graphical symbol
% G1 T, `6 R4 A' V6 A1 h. B液压气动元件图形符号 symbols for hydraulic and pneumatic components
[( t$ O. y. K6 S5 c' L流体逻辑元件图形符号 symbols for fluid logic devices! {( X& A5 D/ D! a
逻辑功能图形符号 symbols for logic functions
1 \7 H' k8 h1 O/ G; j回路图 circuit diagram
+ k( u! i; N0 _* w$ X- o* G, D压力－时间图 pressure time diagram `6 U7 F. N7 m
功能图 function diagram
/ l' L [* C# A Z' z v循环 circle% |2 q. m% \# K9 {1 G, z
自动循环 automatic cycle' L' U t5 X# }5 i! w' F# m
工作循环 working cycle
! M5 D% E% ^7 L! r2 d循环速度 cycling speed
( Z; \7 [% y u工步 phase
& b5 o. I* X# T3 e9 \停止工步 dwell phase
. M. S7 A6 |, Z# p工作工步 working phase
2 L- @& p( s) q" p, m4 [快进工步 rapid advance phase
7 G2 W. r( A( j$ M, p& t: v: Y快退工步 rapid return phase9 E' J, M. s i% H, v
频率响应 frequency response
" A. p% |. K5 r1 K5 ^. M n* P* z" m! U重复性 repeat ability$ @ D, y5 T& {+ |, W2 e- k% R
复现性 reproducibility) E, i5 {5 s7 Y2 r# `
漂移 drift0 l" ~. P5 }& m7 \, r
波动 ripple
* A3 o/ L( w% B& h线性度 linearity
& h% P$ n9 `, D+ I! @线性区 linear region6 }- f$ N6 S4 U7 q
液压锁紧 hydraulic lock# g7 B4 y; R" d1 @, E! a
液压卡紧 sticking" b w" B. ]& A8 n1 R
变量泵 variable displacement pump- j% [, v) w/ Y/ y& ]
泵的控制 control of pump
' r4 k/ e2 N/ ^: S/ s齿轮泵 gear pump% s6 @0 R* Y! d/ g( g+ j$ R l3 W0 y
叶片泵 vane pump
4 p2 [5 n$ S7 B4 ^柱塞泵 piston pump
) T& J" z2 W D, W轴向柱塞泵 axial piston pump
9 R& V$ N1 K7 a& t- e. h2 C法兰安装 flange mounting
7 |, ?! z5 {5 R9 w* d8 c底座安装 foot mounting+ T7 p8 M' D% Y9 x0 A- E1 d( _
液压马达 hydraulic motor
! w; o% ^+ e6 {. j6 N' l刚度 stiffness) V( w4 `* O- w
中位 neutral position
/ ?6 n. _9 E, H& [6 y1 x" S零位 zero position0 B1 a, C' T: W" c, H
自由位 free position
1 S" D" I5 _! v v缸 cylinder* ]( j# M. k2 |- o
有杆端 rod end
, S! O) |& ?- `5 T Q/ @无杆端 rear end
4 y8 ], b$ k7 Y0 N, r外伸行程 extend stroke# Z" x- @5 D: k; g9 b( L _
内缩行程 retract stroke
: Y6 C8 ?; q! K3 U缓冲 cushioning: d1 O# M1 @1 h" a; ]
工作行程 working stroke
! F) E, H; S0 ]8 g4 M4 _负载压力 induced pressure$ F6 a0 g* U/ F0 M
输出力 force; I; g& _. \ k7 V5 V \
实际输出力 actual force( y7 w7 S8 t' N/ O- v7 a% i
单作用缸 single-acting cylinder) F0 {; w6 F: J: `* H+ n
双作用缸 double-acting cylinder
% Y8 _, S9 ~) R8 @4 ]6 u3 c5 k% S差动缸 differential cylinder
2 ?7 c; ^, \( M9 Q9 Y" _8 `, F1 N: B伸缩缸 telescopic cylinder& }$ M ^+ T+ _$ B4 a
阀 valve
0 o# H2 k* I# t8 C! p3 L0 y/ t底板 sub-plate1 x5 f( t4 h/ O3 j2 n# |4 S
油路块 manifold block
9 {) d; D- J9 j板式阀 sub-plate valve
! t: O: P: g9 ~% i* b/ Y6 u叠加阀 sandwich valve
! ]" f+ V' L& M3 K9 J( u插装阀 cartridge valve
# J, M, w5 l) o9 r滑阀 slide valve
8 _4 l8 U+ Z$ S锥阀 poppet valve4 f: k) O8 \ V6 o3 `- `
阀芯 valve element / O f0 w$ C* d D" i3 T# \. n8 m4 t' y
阀芯位置 valve element position
j: N6 N/ h1 Q7 a. k* q8 S# |- e单向阀 check valve8 Z( S8 Q" N5 ]& Y
液控单向阀 pilot-controlled check valve
6 A! u( O! E8 Q- q% p: z梭阀 shuttle valve. G% V, I! j4 @: N
压力控制阀 pressure relief valve) @1 D. s1 D! Y5 ]
溢流阀 pressure relief valve
5 O; z, Y& y: Q7 \1 \8 b顺序阀 sequence valve& b: W* m" a7 z$ F
减压阀 pressure reducing valve& Z% w5 N& B! ?/ n, B- s
平衡阀 counterbalance valve
. L' D5 V r) {6 f O/ L6 Y$ a% S卸荷阀 unloading valve/ `% G6 u! h) i: F
直动式 directly operated type
; }7 `% G! K7 @6 _% B/ Q先导式 pilot-operated type" y# I# e' [- O. _7 h
机械控制式 mechanically controlled type2 L+ z0 q) v& U/ U* S- _4 ~/ ^+ l. g/ s
手动式 manually operated type; n6 v' u* H( n. p6 M
液控式 hydraulic controlled type
6 ]8 V# R+ m% X3 m$ m流量控制阀 flow control valve) ]+ t/ ~# t* w" C% h
固定节流阀 fixed restrictive valve1 X, d4 y8 E9 v" l1 s8 @6 k- ]
可调节流阀 adjustable restrictive valve
& f/ R" u1 ?; S) o单向节流阀 one-way restrictive valve
9 L6 T$ y! }9 v( d; l& h7 U9 ^ U/ C调速阀 speed regulator valve
/ {0 b5 m e3 T; m2 r( z分流阀 flow divider valve
" a5 H% Y3 g# n* `集流阀 flow-combining valve
. J& o- u: V5 Y! [5 e3 G截止阀 shut-off valve4 C+ f) f( U% P! R( C' H. f7 P
球阀 global(ball) valve
* F2 N$ s. s3 j4 f1 r* N% o针阀 needle valve: H0 s/ h$ u4 e6 N0 z% R3 U( Z
闸阀 gate valve
/ F0 j p- {( c: m# v; h/ j膜片阀 diaphragm valve1 t0 j! _3 p' i% f/ V. X# O
蝶阀 butterfly valve
8 N: s! f! M& J! F噪声等级noise level
% n5 Z5 H5 k+ C3 f放大器 amplifier
" Y! Q5 j/ u6 c0 j9 S8 G/ T# A模拟放大器 analogue amplifier0 x& `" ~' y1 l" e! p s0 \
数字放大器 digital amplifier6 o- S/ X* x+ i) z7 s- ~
传感器 sensor
$ F! [' N8 }1 G1 ^- c* D* ?阈值 threshold2 p% t( k; L* P- R- R8 R# u; S
伺服阀 servo-valve9 x' @8 _8 m/ T* v5 m- c
四通阀 four-way valve& b p) x) }2 b+ F
喷嘴挡板 nozzle flapper
& N1 {) }* Q* e液压放大器 hydraulic amplifier
$ Q0 T* @. ?) g' f. w5 {5 G! Q9 ]. L颤振 dither+ I' c; M! L% U# k
阀极性 valve polarity
6 n! w7 O# `1 @流量增益 flow gain0 p0 c% a7 J- z$ C+ O' z; k) G
对称度 symmetry
- Y# N0 f7 R" @$ a G流量极限 flow limit
. L* I6 `8 K$ b1 z9 Q零位内泄漏 null(quiescent) leakage+ `9 Q1 z+ ?: Y$ c$ ?$ y6 ]9 v( V
遮盖 lap
8 ^. p' d* n, I$ C: A3 S零遮盖 zero lap
u! Z: E; W5 q) I" ~, _; t& {3 C正遮盖 over lap, L8 e; n' z q* J8 a* ]- E
负遮盖 under lap9 C+ r3 R9 [& q: X( {
开口 opening
% `% K; W2 Y6 [0 I$ I/ M5 q零偏 null bias
+ H4 ^3 S# U* H3 Y, ~6 h零漂 null drift
+ r: {3 L& w1 F; }4 h阀压降 valve pressure drop
' u5 H0 n0 S5 ^# N分辨率 resolution
% Y2 r; f2 w n7 U0 m$ s频率响应 frequency response$ g1 e( ~; u! }
幅值比 amplitude ratio
9 e) s/ Y. L, S相位移 phase lag
9 ~9 M! M6 B3 F7 l' S$ }; n$ \传递函数 transfer function0 H3 [4 y3 Z6 u1 f% {! {' ?* Y
管路 flow line: d8 N- c( k' A7 h4 O- L% X8 k6 L
硬管 rigid tube; A; j* e7 @1 J; v% f3 P5 U; D
软管 flexible hose
8 ]3 w2 ?+ a r s/ R' d+ @3 D) n工作管路 working line7 {7 y2 e" L! Z% |4 k
回油管路 return line- C+ M% l5 N6 r4 J! l5 ?
补液管路 replenishing line
9 A. L6 b% {' B7 J2 r! ^5 I$ R4 I控制管路 pilot line
6 e3 k& @* E( p' _; M5 m泄油管路 drain line# k0 [; A2 E) \! N$ n2 n0 A- k
放气管路 bleed line) r8 ^( A: x1 v; F% K
接头 fitting；connection
1 O( K6 ^. u' p6 `/ @4 i3 m' X! V焊接式接头 welded fitting: O7 B/ O& C8 `8 H" A; e. K( y
扩口式接头 flared fitting
) q& t4 o+ c6 c; W0 e2 ^: o5 E快换接头 quick release coupling% ^5 J# ^& S/ \( R) c7 x7 I
法兰接头 flange connection
! C0 e. R5 Z7 h. N1 t1 [, s: u' a弯头 elbow
, f3 u8 X5 E F* {, s9 f异径接头 reducer fitting- o) a/ M+ x: r: G( ?- ~
流道 flow pass
* w( P$ U6 l9 f! q9 `& {油口 port
8 r7 g# a* H. W' ~闭式油箱 sealed reservoir" c/ X6 c! x/ P3 s$ H O
油箱容量 reservoir fluid capacity
+ g# {7 P9 e; h* U气囊式蓄能器bladder accumulator
3 o! Z" q6 p9 A' ?- ^% X' R& e空气污染 air contamination7 N' U( @1 e! b8 u
固体颗粒污染 solid contamination
# p# I$ `0 `0 `+ Q( j) k4 l; ^3 _液体污染 liquid contamination3 p1 x( h1 Y$ V+ x8 V+ r. r
空气过滤器 air filter, v. p' p; w) m ]7 b
油雾气 lubricator
- S6 y3 x. E- Z" c7 r热交换器 heat exchanger+ n* S$ X; K* e5 o
冷却器 cooler
- |( i* u% \& `. \7 H$ q2 T+ L加热器 heater
" N% Q- }9 g$ z; s2 o) G温度控制器 thermostat
/ q2 q9 q2 j d" S+ S+ m消声器 silencer% V! ]! Q- i- T" M% `' ~3 N+ N
双筒过滤器 duplex filter: T9 b2 C6 ]7 x' t. A {8 m
过滤器压降 filter pressure drop
: c! H& ?" Q. ?有效过滤面积 effective filtration area4 ~% q5 s- J5 ?8 |
公称过滤精度 nominal filtration rating4 Y J" R( j! Z
压溃压力 collapse pressure0 j/ |: \' b4 z; \
填料密封 packing seal! K8 r4 d$ V6 b" e' K
机械密封 mechanical seal
1 q2 _, N" J- M" m6 {/ J径向密封 radial seal7 x y; [" C3 x
旋转密封 rotary seal" D$ h0 T! I4 d4 S4 I, P
活塞密封 piston seal
+ P- w6 z, g4 l0 `* g v) A: D活塞杆密封 rod seal
! ]( g5 z( d: U# T0 r' Y* P防尘圈密封 wiper seal；scraper1 M# N, Y' v8 I# [& o. e( \3 x
组合垫圈 bonded washer
# `* ]* f5 z8 O5 b复合密封件 composite seal6 N \5 W4 H; j5 a) c* Y0 @
弹性密封件 elastomer seal
) T% `3 y8 r) l1 Q丁腈橡胶 nitrile butadiene rubber；NBR& o' R7 F( Y$ v. C; J# X
聚四氟乙烯 polytetrafluoroethene；PTFE; L) W# t: d+ r" S; p
优先控制 override control
) @ V* i( O/ Y1 n/ G8 M# J压力表 pressure gauge
+ D1 {" h% U, a, m6 ^& p/ J压力传感器 electrical pressure transducer
, ? E, T# P7 y% P* z f压差计 differential pressure instrument8 U% o) X$ I: N l4 E
液位计 liquid level measuring instrument
3 ?, t/ a$ ?# n4 i9 v; d, ?0 W. c流量计 flow meter
) K# P/ Z8 E- X7 h( |( l2 b2 M压力开关 pressure switch |
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