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[分享] 力值、硬度计量名词术语及定义

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发表于 2007-1-22 11:47:57 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式 来自: 中国江苏苏州

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目录6 N: M, C  Q' @
1力基(标/校)准机 ( )
6 [, ]9 I8 M2 Y1 M1.1 力 ( Force) ( )% ~: ^6 H: ]+ i5 ^8 @0 ]6 H
1.2 万有引力 (Universal gravitation) ( )
' {( E3 s+ Z5 K# u: Y& i: _9 D1.3 重力 (gravity) ( )
) j+ ?1 i9 K2 X% y+ T, Q, ~7 q' Z1.4 弹性力 (elastica) ( )
1 H2 w2 b( B& Y6 n; r+ }/ W: {1.5 重力加速度 (gravity acceleration) ( ). R  Q. w! S5 A; z
1.6 牛顿 (Newton) ( )
; T" S+ I' B( r& @0 I1.7 力标准机 (force standard machine) ( )& B7 M7 j/ P0 T4 x
1.8 力基准机 (primary force standard machine) ( )
2 U7 H) g2 k) J) @5 a6 j% D1.9 力校准机 (force calibration machine) ( )' ?8 F2 {& I, o! H0 ^
1.10 静重式力标准机 (deadweight force standard machine - DWM) ( )
! D. v7 e2 [' j( o- q1.11 杠杆式力标准机 (lever-amplification force standard machine - LM) ( )
7 P5 @8 D5 Q# ~+ D  S1.12 液压式力标准机 (hydraulic-amplification force standard machine-HM) ( )' m  e, f) r* T" Z: l
1.13 叠加式力标准机 (build-up force standard machine-BM) ( )
/ I3 E3 O4 Z: q9 Y6 I" z" f9 C' \& c1.14 力比较机 (force comparator-FC) ( )2 ]* r6 R8 }1 ~4 p. P: n% ^
1.15 扭矩基准机 (primary standard torquer) ( )
; ?4 G% C9 A: n- O  ?) u: l1.16 扭矩校准机 (torque calibration machine) ( )
/ a2 T1 {+ p7 `9 ^2 J( Q5 C1.17 静重式扭矩标准机 (deadweight torque standard machine - DTM) ( )2 ?5 x8 ^2 `& i2 l
1.18 杠杆式扭矩标准机 (lever-amplification torque standard machine - LTM) ( )
- d& O( D. W+ p# K0 `1.19 串接式扭矩标准机 (serial-connection torquer -SCT) ( )* e. P& E0 e: ?. N4 h, |
1.20 测力式扭矩标准机 (torquer by mean of measuring force-TMF) ( )
  ?" V  T4 N4 D. J1.21 扭矩校准杠杆(torque-calibration lever) ( )- W8 c) _% g% L1 J
1.22 摆锤式冲击标准机 (pendulum impact standard machine) ( )
+ [0 F) l7 T( ~/ E1.23 摆锤式冲击基准机 (pendulum impact primary standard machine) ( )
# Z+ E# V2 ]+ V- F1.24 力值不确定度 (force uncertainty) ( )7 ]( {6 G7 o. F- p2 q' N
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: [$ Q0 J2 N+ I5 ?" o4 K3
' x1 k' d4 s# B; s. E# Y; a+ o/ L1.25 力值重复性 (force repeatability) ( )
! i2 J2 Q9 y9 l9 b1.26 力值示偏差(force indication deviation) ( )" M7 V" T; E1 B. F4 C" T. ~
1.27 力值范围 (force range) ( )
9 Y8 b3 I  d* M- o. G1.28 力级 (force step) ( )
: Q2 i1 |! ?9 t; l1.29 灵敏阈 (sensitivity threshold) ( )
! Q: c4 {0 T' H6 [4 n1.30 寄生分量 (parasitic components) ( )0 @4 |. S( O  K
1.31 旋转效应 (rotation effect) ( )6 }: d/ B0 t7 P/ _( E4 Y
1.32 重叠效应 (overlapping effect) ( )  N( h' e/ t" g0 i
1.33 力值直线度 (linearity of force) ( )8 z& ], p: v* \# T
1.34 附加滞后 (additional hysteresis) ( ); }5 U7 y5 D$ a( c2 Y7 T) X
1.35 递增负荷 (increasing force) ( )7 ^4 p2 B* V) n2 c' V
1.36 递减负荷 (decreasing force) ( )$ v' U: `4 \4 [5 W5 _) s
1.37 逆负荷现象 (counter-force phenomenon) ( )* J8 @  \$ O$ E: B/ ^" {
1.38 加荷时间 (period for loading) ( )
1 \2 e7 m7 e: c: Y1.39 加荷速率 (loading rate) ( )
6 Y3 l# Z9 E6 z7 l1.40 卸荷时间 (period for unloading) ( )5 n( C5 [6 m& T
1.41 卸荷速率 (unloading rate) ( )
) Z$ ]7 d1 p7 F0 K- C2 |  A/ t1.42 砝码 (weight) ( )
; Q% U6 ]' ]  W/ h% w& Y$ Z' ^1.43 机架 (fixed framework) ( )+ O0 k) L4 s- `+ e+ W: y% K
1.44 负荷机架 (loading frame) ( )
% m: h3 M! N, F  |3 H6 K1.45 压力试台 (Platform for loading) ( )
" \1 v) i) L; F! s" \( n1.46 提升架 (lifting frame) ( )7 d' @0 }+ n& y2 N
1.47 加荷横梁 (beam for loading) ( )% j2 ~" ~& V! D% ]* i
1.48 压缩空间 (room for compression device) ( )
* |! u4 r8 N3 V0 _0 g' d2 S1.49 拉伸空间 (room for tension device) ( )( r# X, _9 p+ h$ r* `
1.50 反向器 (reverser) ( )
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4
: P/ \1 E5 e  Y# ]; Z8 F4 M4 O  _: B1.51 杠杆 (lever) ( )
8 W. q  W0 W# X+ t' @1.52 支点刀 (supporting-knife) ( )2 ]' X' t0 W; X
1.53 重点刀 (weight-knife) ( )( Y6 X- j6 ?0 ^% D7 j3 U) J
1.54 力点刀 (force-knife) ( )0 O# d. O: M# p
1.54 杠杆有效长度 (effective length of lever) ( )
# S, N, F  m/ j1.55 杠杆比 (Lever amplification-ratio) ( )
) ^2 j$ a6 A& b0 r6 ?' J1.56 直接加荷部分 (directly loading unit) ( )
: ]) u4 B$ }5 f& e2 [" W1.57 负荷放大部分 (main unit) ( )- i8 s9 q- W- j1 A, L  A
1.58 比例活塞 (proportional piston) ( ); M; y8 @$ H, q
1.59 比例油缸 (proportional cylinder) ( )
7 M4 C' X* j" |) e9 ^+ d1.60 加荷活塞 (loading piston) ( )3 U: [# `& ?( @% k" [& t2 K' W4 E
1.61 加荷油缸 (loading cylinder) ( )
! W0 |' R( K3 V- x. A* }1.62 放大比 (Amplification ratio) ( )
. q- U+ ~) }" L" M7 F; ~1.63 活塞有效面积 (effective cross-area of piston) ( )/ ^3 M3 V  [, |
1.64 油缸转速 (turn-speed of cylinder) ( )
, o1 m: F0 B7 \1.65 油缸旋转线速度 (speed of cylinder) ( )
% l, W+ T$ B/ C1.66 导向活塞 (guide-piston ( )/ M+ Q  s4 V  X. u
1.67 最大压力 (maximum pressure) ( )
* y7 t8 I9 L  d) e1.68 负荷转换活塞 (piston for load relieving & pressure transmitting) ( )& @# M! u! {) Y0 K1 [& |
1.69 负荷转换油缸 (cylinder for load relieving & pressure transmitting) ( )$ N4 A* e0 n" E1 A
1.70 同轴度 (coaxality) ( )5 X+ J: D$ k0 j4 x( {
1.71 几何同轴度 (geometric coaxality) ( )
! y$ v3 f+ O6 |7 t. T1.72 受力同轴度 (coaxality with load) ( )1 b0 H0 \( i+ r
2 测力仪 ( )
3 P$ `7 @8 \+ r" V3 H( n# e# ]2.1 测力仪 (dynamometer) ( )% U" g6 l6 q3 ~
2.2 标准测力仪 (standard dynamometer) ( )
3 ~$ H6 j, Q7 P$ `- R) fPDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
% {2 t% @' b/ l/ l* e$ f5
  M; ~7 k, e( v) M4 ^" T; w+ {2.3 弹性体 (elastic element) ( )6 u% R+ w& p" y7 r# ]
2.4 变形测量装置 (indicator of deflection) ( )3 x/ @  o" \- `& j* B
2.5 变形 (deformation) ( )
7 w( N: o% D8 Z: [7 ?; f0 O2.6 额定变形 (deflection under rated load) ( )+ d) ?$ J" B* w8 K5 e. u& \
2.7 读数值 (reading) ( )
4 x) N3 p0 k4 O% a2.8 变形示值 (indication of deflection) ( )
& u0 [- z$ ~3 r/ ]2.9 测力环 (proving ring) ( ). d! g- u/ u  Z9 [; }- L
2.10 压向测力仪 (compression dynamometer) ( )7 X' Z% ~  K% i- I$ W9 n% _" s
2.11 拉向测力仪 (tension dynamometer) ( )2 e0 c& G; @, d6 \: j
2.12 双向测力仪 (tension & compression dynamometer) ( )
2 ^3 m7 }# z0 n7 n2.13 负荷 (load) ( )
9 _9 G( b: o" J+ d$ H2.14 静负荷 (static load) ( )8 T- t) d( d  }% w4 ~
2.15 动负荷 (dynamic load) ( )7 O$ e7 k0 B& x  Y% B4 J
2.16 循环负荷 (cycle load) ( )
/ A5 A" p( F, j$ r( B1 q2.17 随机负荷 (random load) ( )1 P* j1 j$ N5 a* t: f
2.18 冲击负荷 (impact load) ( )8 y+ r9 V% X, y9 x! K$ {
2.19 额定负荷 (rated load) ( )
. U# h2 y4 B! u2.20 最小负荷 (minimum load) ( )
3 M1 Y; G9 u% w+ N/ }2.21 负荷范围 (load range) ( )
% i( s& C- }' r1 n: C, I2.22 预负荷 (preload) ( )- }0 ]* `6 o. L0 C# u+ I- N
2.23 检定 (verification) ( )
6 ~( K( f$ \9 f2.24 定度 (calibration) ( )
( J% U3 f2 B& l1 B: ?2.25 进程定度 (increasing calibration) ( )
* j# A" i* x& m% X  F; I2.26 回程定度 (decreasing calibration) ( )8 d" y; ?$ o. ^$ C3 h, k
2.27 分度值 (division) ( )2 [+ Y5 y7 C% n. S/ K6 Q
2.28 重复性 (repeatability) ( )+ p6 ]+ d$ c0 t3 I6 |
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6
" E5 T  F: L2 s- V  }2.29 滞后 (hysteresis) ( )! a' S* U$ V# B. S8 I+ @/ ]9 {
2.30 稳定度 (Long-term stability) ( )
$ s- a; k+ Y6 B% z; J& E" G2 a' @2.31 温度修正系数 (coefficient for temperature correction) ( )
' C4 n* i0 A& z2.32 校准方程 (calibration equation) ( )
" i2 [/ L' R: L4 p0 a+ T2.33 管形测力仪 (cylindric dynamometer) ( )" Z& q' c+ p% A4 q! Y3 e2 [
2.34 扭矩仪 (torque-meter) ( )
- ~3 ^& G. w2 _) l: I2.35 标准扭矩仪 (standard torque-meter) ( )
# w& g2 T5 z+ J$ t) B5 a. }) n  ^. H2.36 扭矩扳子 (Torque wrench) ( )
- t( _, `5 u1 B' N: k9 H+ f8 D2.37 扭矩扳子检定/校准仪(Calibrator of torque wrench) ( )
- g4 m: Z4 m3 _2 }8 n* ~2.38 扭矩改锥 (Torque driver) ( )% e3 T' q7 r: f8 P( V9 H
2.39 扭矩改锥检定/校准仪(Calibrator of torque driver) ( ), T$ s# @' D9 H2 H1 {
2.40 测功机(Machine measuring power) ( )6 f  Y; V* C' n4 b' h
2.41 摆锤式冲击机检定标准装置 (standard equipment for calibration of pendulum" S% }7 Y) X( M- L+ }
impact machine)6 h1 [8 p+ V! x" o, Y! p
( )
" e2 ]! V: V0 x% R' N2.42 标准冲击块 (standard impact blocks) ( )
* k( B* E* h, g, f7 Z3 负荷传感器 ( )0 V; y5 G$ ~0 B+ G( f% R6 Q
3.1 环境条件 (ambient conditions) ( )
$ [$ a- s4 o* t4 L7 @% r3.2 环境温度 (ambient temperature) ( ). X; Q: r5 b- F6 U
3.3 使用环境条件 (ambient condition,operating) ( )
9 v: E% p0 |# q% ?- X  X! {( `3.4 室内条件 (room condition) ( )
% Y8 [& w7 u9 X3.5 标准试验条件 (standard test condition) ( )
7 O9 Q, K2 }' F# q6 U7 ^3.6 负荷传感器 (load cell) ( )% O- d4 N& D0 ~' M* C. M& g$ m
3.7 测力传感器 (Force transducer) ( )
5 f+ M$ k8 o  T7 v* m3.9 扭矩传感器(Torque transducer) ( )$ E- h% T( }7 H8 ?
3.10 多分量传感器(Multi-component transducer) ( )2 L# o; t8 U( V0 F4 Y0 r: R( A7 G
3.11 参考传感器(组)(Reference transducer(s)) ( )- b: X% D  D- d  o* o& e/ B
3.12 多分量校准系统(Calibration system for multi-component transducer) ( )
! P  R- i- p  I9 o+ \- t- P" N; }& n3.13 应变式负荷传感器 (strain gauge load cell) ( )
; d# |, c. a$ u3 o& p" CPDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
( N; g, t1 p1 a7
! W- y7 S" X8 C7 y, [) n3 ^  b: ^3.14 压电式负荷传感器 (piezoelectric load cell) ( )( T# u8 Q- D8 z& d" B
3.15 压磁式负荷传感器 (magneto-elastic load cell) ( )& c. ^+ k2 l& @) r4 Z0 [
3.16 电感式负荷传感器 (inductive load cell) ( )3 G, @5 Z  c& \( M3 `
3.17 电容式负荷传感器 (capacitive load cell) ( )5 b: R2 u- y" e! L* }# n& |6 ]
3.18 压阻式负荷传感器 (piezoresistive load cell) ( )6 d  t+ N! u! A( k
3.19 敏感元件 (sensing element) ( )* u! l+ Y1 f4 g: m
3.20 主轴线 (primary axis) ( )
" _; L  S' B; ^- R0 C2 z  f. f3.21 轴向负荷 (axial load) ( )+ p* s  X. [1 I! U/ i! b; o2 C
3.22 安全过负荷 (overload, safe) ( )
) K4 x2 j& H4 F: M# G3.23 极限过负荷 (0verload, ultimate) ( )
$ o  z# _5 f# E2 G3.24 侧向负荷 (side load) ( )5 z5 o& U' C! C8 W1 O8 h
3.25 偏心负荷 (eccentric load) ( )
  o( [0 M% Q, G9 P5 }$ g3 c- X* K3.26 同心倾斜负荷 (angular load,concentric) ( )
! X; I$ P4 ]) Y- _6 a% R3.27 偏心倾斜负荷 (angular load,eccentric) ( )2 L' b1 [9 s! x# h
3.28 输出 (output) ( )8 s- h! Y- Z8 L* o# G8 [/ ?" ]6 |
3.29 额定输出 (rated output) ( )
  i8 @4 K0 \; q1 C* f0 \" _3.30 零点输出 (zero output) ( )
! g' s! Z8 Q/ m3 F9 S, U+ h3.31 过冲 (overshoot) ( )
! P- ]. t1 a! z7 @7 b5 s, q3.32 校准 (calibration) ( )
6 u$ X' Z0 P7 _  e( \1 i3.33 静态校准 (static calibration) ( )
0 \; _2 P2 K, |6 d: n3.34 校准曲线 (calibration curve) ( )
3 q9 \, ~7 ^9 \* D3.35 工作直线 (operating line) ( )
2 C% p) l1 e% a1 {4 G; l4 [: _+ G' ?3.36 端点直线 (end-point line) ( )/ o$ s& K% D7 K( p$ v
3.37 端点平移直线 (end-point line,translation) ( )! h+ L9 [0 J3 O" _
3.38 最小二乘法直线 (least-squares line) ( )5 p' z1 d6 ?4 ^2 F# k% r
3.39 灵敏度 (sensitivity) ( )
2 T$ v* Q5 F6 S7 `0 V3.40 灵敏度允差 (tolerance,sensitivity) ( )
3 V, B% O5 ]: O. |" [7 [1 g; u3.41 不对称度 (un-symmetry) ( )
5 [" i# c; d! b6 a; J) i3.42 直线度 (linearity) ( )
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8
! f5 Y6 i- I% Q5 I4 n% O; Z* p3.43 综合误差 (combined error) ( )
# r# A4 L2 _/ V8 u; ?- D4 B- A; s! _3.44 蠕变 (creep) ( )
- `, ^# f- Z9 }5 _7 n1 l6 z) l3.45 蠕变恢复 (creep recovery) ( )6 U* r8 t6 _& j
3.46 输入电阻 (input resistance) ( )
* d( A) i: J7 l. x4 K3.47 输出电阻 (output resistance) ( )
$ m6 z! k; W" p* w+ D) \3.48 绝缘电阻 (insulation resistance) ( )  z9 I' p9 V5 ^6 v- s- k# _
3.49 激励 (excitation) ( )
% w7 J% a5 i! W7 H! Q3 g3.50 最大激励 (maximum excitation) ( )
1 M+ ?8 m) ~( x% }6 B0 [0 m7 I; Q9 g" t3.51 补偿 (compensation) ( )
& |7 k+ n/ S0 U" p' n+ c3.52 安全温度范围 (temperature range, safe) ( ): s5 [' h7 l& p" Z/ O: ~
3.53 额定输出温度影响 (temperature effect on rated output) ( )
* z" _% s2 Z2 X0 F2 A2 q" k2 P+ C. ~3.54 零点输出温度影响 (temperature effect on zero output) ( )1 u" b" s9 M, B! @; F! J
3.55 温度补偿范围 (Temperature range,compensation) ( )( g  t: A- G7 T5 _# `0 ?9 Q: x$ O
3.56 预热时间 (warm-up period) ( )
0 Y( _, l! F3 q3 w5 d3.57 稳定时间 (stabilization period) ( )
; a: |! n/ ?: g0 c% Z8 Q3.58 额定输出环境影响 (span instability) ( )
4 [9 B. V& I% A6 n& p/ n3.59 漂移 (drift) ( )
* k, L! @  Q/ z) Y& i5 G3.60 灵敏度漂移 (sensitivity drift) ( )
7 H. \  S' G/ V$ e; R" v  [( ^9 B3.61 零点漂移 (zero drift) ( )0 J) U. _) y) a: M4 u
3.62 零点永久漂移 (Zero drift,permanent) ( ). i8 q3 K4 a6 A8 S* g( a7 i
3.63 零点恢复 (zero return) ( )
! a. Q# k5 P3 ?, }" l3.64 零点环境影响 (zero instability) ( )$ K) v7 ~7 Y7 Z3 \
3.65 零点移动 (zero float) ( )7 G6 R9 J# [* n4 g" W$ x% R% [2 {5 h8 x
3.66 使用寿命 (Life,operating) ( )
3 N; \9 m$ R+ ^/ t3.67 循环寿命 (Life,cycling) ( )
+ E; b9 `5 W) Y3 N3.68 固有频率 (natural frequency) ( )9 }( e2 A7 S, A, a, c- o
3.69 动态特性 (dynamic characteristics) ( )
" `2 [# q' w. e% Z8 e0 p3.70 频率响应 (frequency response) ( )

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