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[分享] 关于有限元分析教程

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发表于 2008-3-27 16:54:45 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式 来自: 中国天津

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与大家共同讨论下关于有限元的分析.欢迎高手前来.为什么我的文件老传不上来,提示不支持扩展,搞不懂,大家先讨论,等我想法传文件.
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/ G5 N' m; f% j8 }* K[ 本帖最后由 维分子 于 2008-3-28 09:08 编辑 ]
 楼主| 发表于 2008-3-28 09:04:51 | 显示全部楼层 来自: 中国天津
有限元分析的主要步骤; r/ l; U9 U4 J, o8 G- ^& B7 Q! x
前处理8 u' m. p1 s3 A+ n/ K1 Z2 a
建立分析对象的有限元模型7 B, V$ u3 ~7 Q( a$ M$ T
求解
/ V$ U, R$ T& r- Y  X" R8 `5 n, ~对有限元模型的计算工况进行求解
+ Z- y) N9 z1 z: x7 P后处理5 O7 a( n- @  V2 k
观察分析结果,评估设计是否符合要求
 楼主| 发表于 2008-3-28 09:05:29 | 显示全部楼层 来自: 中国天津
Cosmos/Works有限元分析的步骤+ a1 ]5 D8 {+ G
建立几何模型
4 z) ]# I( v4 e! q( y& U1 S定义材料属性
! f$ m: c* e2 \# M定义边界条件(约束和载荷)9 L. V( q% F# W2 c: o/ y+ ?
划分网格
1 S, b' c% T# s9 C' x求解4 L6 l" C! y4 a- M! i' W
查看和评估结果
 楼主| 发表于 2008-3-28 09:06:41 | 显示全部楼层 来自: 中国天津
企业需求与有限元分析
' V( [1 Z5 ?' [  _& ?更少的样机:省钱5 G( D: H" u4 M+ u1 }7 U9 y
更短的周期:省时
6 W6 v2 M1 Y. n/ J7 Q9 t更好的质量:品质
 楼主| 发表于 2008-3-28 09:07:19 | 显示全部楼层 来自: 中国天津
线性静力分析:定义专题' l: L5 ?6 l8 h+ `0 _" Z
Displacement in the radial direction:8 X: P0 ~6 {% T3 j# t9 R
Select “Axis1” and then define displacement plot in X-direction (radial to the axis). Select deformation scale=1
+ x% k3 I! x0 H8 @Right-click on the displacement plot icon “plot2” and then select”List selected”
8 W4 I5 x/ Q' bAverage displacement of “pole piece lower” = -0.0019504” (decrease in radius): ]- U/ K' k3 T0 \  n& C
Average displacement of “pole piece upper” = 0.007896 “ (increase in radius)4 N4 R; _4 _8 }1 R9 j
Sum of these 2 displacement = 0.009846” ~Initial interfernce of 0.01”
, U/ z! }( `6 WHoop Stress (tangential):
$ x& x5 h" g3 n# _& Y! _Select “Axis1” and then define stress plot in Y-direction (radial to the axis). Select deformation scale=1
8 k# I4 b% B4 I1 p) T" P# ]. R0 mRight-click on the stress plot icon “plot2” and then select”List selected”
9 B2 L4 `: X7 n& ~; ?8 G' A# ?Negative stress on “pole piece lower” (compression)
5 L% r$ V9 b, hPositive stress on “pole piece upper” (tension)
5 M7 ~1 G( E3 k8 q* V线性静力分析:定义材料属性: L, l* o  l# w4 ^4 u
Simulate parts which are separated by large gaps5 _( N/ B3 @% d3 u' e( b2 w$ o) z
First run the model with small displacement option and look at the results
1 e1 S: X$ n& ?) b If you see that there is a change in the orientation of the contact surfaces during loading or if the results doesn’t look realistic, use large deflection option
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线性静力分析:网格划分
5 Q  E  O) u$ K6 |9 g. ~Open “RectangleGap.sldasm”
: N" a5 D8 {+ s( d$ K! hDefine a static study “smallcontact”1 [! S9 k- K. `9 j+ `
Apply material “Alloy steel” to both parts* o4 J$ m0 r: y# K
Apply a pressure of 725 psi on the top face! ~* {  Y7 [1 m9 u  \% ~
Select the two front faces and then apply restraint. Select Flat face option and then select “Normal to face”
& l# H: l" k7 zFix the left semi-circular face
' ^, b2 }) s* aHide the loads/bc symbols: C( F: @- Z  Q  I0 U
Define “Surface” contact between the top face of the bottom leg and the perpendicular face$ {5 P1 I$ i" Z0 \- }: K2 \& m# M
Create mesh and run
) ?# e+ q7 I* c7 Z" lDefine a stress plot with scale factor = 1. Look at the contact surface.
  l( z: ~7 r4 E1 U( q( J线性静力分析:定义约束
% B. e+ P' ?# \$ J% hDefine a new static study “LargeDisp”2 @( L8 U5 J/ k# E; _7 b4 D. @) T
Drag’n drop the material and loads/bc folders from “small contact” study" R* s0 ^% A$ Q+ C$ A
Right-click on the study name and click on properties. Select “Large displacement contact” option./ Z) X) v1 P8 c- g( t
Run the analysis
$ Q9 R& C1 Q3 g0 _Define a stress plot with scale factor = 1. Look at the contact area.
8 f* }: I, x+ t线性静力分析:定义载荷% p0 e3 \6 @0 j) q
Simulate heat resistance between parts for thermal analysis 0 K. w# g8 d7 R" |; ~
 Account for heat resistance of thin parts without actually modeling them!
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线性静力分析:求解
" j* _! T7 `% W, T0 V, a2 YOpen “Thermal contact resistance_transistor.sldasm”) i9 _0 w4 J& J0 N
Explode the model and set preferred units to “SI” and temperature units to “Kelvin”
6 d* q2 p( f+ fDefine a thermal study “NoRes”( ]/ b. N) M) V3 R2 W1 E# q) k, x
Apply material “AISI 304” for “Voltage regulator” and “Copper” for Heat sink
1 _3 v* E) X" n% C- w+ w$ Z$ a% |, D0 ODefine “Surface” contact with No resistance between the contact faces& |7 J% Y, y9 H  z
Apply convection to all the faces of the model except the contact faces
+ \2 N1 M7 A: A1 `/ C7 Q4 TFilm coefficient = 250 W/(m^2.K)
  o5 [9 q: G  l5 x- F5 LBulk temperature = 298 K
- b; d, j. k: {. [线性静力分析:观察结果0 ]4 ~* u4 m, ?
Apply Heat power = 25 W for “Voltage regulator”5 E5 a$ |- `: Y4 n8 l" ~7 K
Mesh with default settings and run the analysis0 x6 J7 R# I7 I+ x/ n4 B
Notice the temperature distribution of the heat sink% q6 c4 p, M8 N' m/ U5 X' E) r' s
Distributed Resistance:
, G  F9 I  }: IDefine a new thermal study “DistRes”
( H6 p% J! c6 n' wDrag’n drop “Material” folder and Loads/Bc folder from NoRes study to DistRes study7 s2 z: d6 f* }
Edit contact pair definition and define distributed resistance = 0.005 K.m^2/W 1 T! ?3 B+ O2 g! A
Total resistance = Distributed resistance X Contact area                            = 0.005 X 0.0003392 = 14.7 K/W1 z7 e- _5 A3 p
Run the study “DistRes”
' {. u9 t0 e9 P3 qNotice the temperature distribution of the heat sink. u& V/ F0 Q1 t! k, \
Thermal Contact Example (Cont’d)
7 ~. u: j1 }1 e0 o" h8 r) j6 Y/ b2 RProbe the temperature value4 v4 Y8 O# [$ E* {+ k
Define a thermal plot with mesh
$ D, M) Z) `) l; z9 F3 \Right-click the plot icon and select Probe
* z4 u: {5 Q, PPick all the nodes on the edge of both the parts8 z7 }, d# W- ^8 T3 Z7 j
Click on the Plot icon to view the temperature variation from the top face of the voltage regulator to the bottom of the heat sink4 v) S7 y$ F" m6 d1 U) t( A" [- o; L

( T6 R) H- L& [! x& n8 A+ W$ iThermal Contact Example (Cont’d)
/ K8 G$ W# {8 S& z( X2 nTotal Resistance:
. R2 R* Z5 z2 M- G) q& ^Define a new thermal study “TotalRes”
5 ]8 s( i( {6 K  g/ h: C( c* L6 gDrag’n drop “Material” folder and Loads/Bc folder from NoRes study to TotalRes study
6 y* U# i1 x# y  j/ u$ _+ H1 VEdit contact pair definition and define Total resistance = 25 K/W
% [2 m- N" i8 ]Run the study “TotalRes”
2 r) ]  e  H8 f$ }* H+ XNotice the temperature distribution of the heat sink# M, s. k  T& F: X3 B  m

, h9 k/ Z. G+ z4 cLoad Simulation: Remote Loads
/ V7 @9 ~$ E' `6 r- c8 dRemote Loads; V6 _3 K! u( I% I9 c
Direct Transfer# x2 L/ a* B/ @9 n8 I0 g9 C
Flexible surface8 G) |0 A& |9 O2 w
Applied as equivalent force & moment
8 d  H0 x/ W: kRigid Beam
% R: t4 ^( g( d! Y/ H/ I( i* ^0 ERigid surface; {& i4 M% I/ Q9 a0 X! X
Remote Restraint3 E5 W+ u" J' `( J0 E
Rigid connection* F. Q' ?: S; C) g- f1 T! J
Model effect of a rigid virtual part between two faces) B: v3 P6 [( W4 k; W

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" Q4 Z0 s' Y' l# e" @7 K5 m( qRemote Load Example
) z2 `9 T, A' v: d. ]7 K+ cOpen “RemoteLoadExample.sldasm”
8 ?5 L% L5 ^$ S7 dDefine a static study “Remote”! K8 l7 F9 G3 H. w) r
Apply material “Alloy steel”4 r4 e, H% f6 Q* }. E2 A9 f2 C
Fix the flat face
& _) {5 q9 D6 O: ^Select “Coordinate system1” and the end face of the cantilever. Define remote load of 10N in the X direction.
) L0 |; S' I. _2 G* [5 TCreate mesh and run.
( y8 C5 E5 |; n- X$ ]2 YDouble-click on “Plot1” under the stress folder
& {7 `3 x) @1 {8 t# |Animate the results
' r, |. F3 O) H: i6 J) zCompare the plot results of “Remote” study with “Axial Tension” study
; s  [* _1 q/ `. Y, m
( j+ G$ ~* \/ g, [5 Q: t' u1 d1 QMotion Load Transfer Using Remote Loads7 A' E- e" w# E4 i' D, j
Go to SW Add-in and click “COSMOS/Motion”( k5 k) M- f8 `+ T; e, h* y7 [) O
Open “LoadTransferModel_With_Result.sldasm”
/ J5 U; R( t  T: o$ m1 H& ePlay the animation and save the load file for frame # 300
! }  q* n) @' V$ B4 t. h( @6 s8 C; QDelete the motion results' k; E$ X5 ~3 J& P1 f: o
Go to CW menu, Import Motion Load and open this load file from “MotionLoadTransfer” directory/ Z2 S% H* B3 D9 N9 `0 d
Select all the loads related to crank-1 and then click OK.& ?2 S/ Y. V  j
Open the part “crank”
: r# k$ y5 L! bYou’ll see that there is a new study “Frame-300” with motion loads transferred as remote loads
. P' {! S2 M! Y3 \- F5 jApply material “Plain carbon steel”1 c) R+ w  D- c6 [, c
Go to study properties and select “FFEPlus” solver and “Inertia relief option”: r) ~% o/ J/ n# V2 [# h, ^5 ^
Run the analysis
4 e) q' j1 J, c+ k* Q2 nPostprocessing: Results in local CS: Q( P# @3 r# u! A# t
Plotting 3 S0 z# y, R- u/ R' F: V
Listings+ @* n7 O% [# p2 e( c( `2 z
Reaction forces& t2 n* W$ U) C& z" f6 P
Postprocessing: Exploded views
- b: X" R% |5 y4 W$ [* TPlot results on SolidWorks exploded views
" `. `9 R# }2 W$ y/ |6 S; \+ K6 M, M3 Z8 S, G4 |4 M: e
Postprocessing: New tools
" m0 M' J: l; t; dImproved probing with graphing option
  C* N& r$ S9 _) DList results by Entity% E" ~& v, S  w! f
Web Reports; u% \0 [4 A6 q1 y; i7 f0 N1 F- x
Inclusion of report templates in the feature tree
, X3 N/ A* X- a& C, j7 b% D4 tSaving of report setting
* j- f6 X4 }/ r+ h) f' g3 KAutomatic creation of all plots. ?0 x0 j: c7 }' ?) z
Report Example
: l- ~1 I1 v% D1 y9 K' L# GOpen “ReportExample.sldasm”" r6 B, \9 t5 X. U! P9 K
New option save JPEG files (Right-click on the Study name)
3 V: O4 o1 c& z% A3 e6 h' KRight-click on Report and click define
8 F7 c" y) d( g$ w' w; KPoint to the logo file “ReportLogo.bmp”" @  B1 F, S+ Q8 t
Point to the right stress AVI and VRML files
  f# X3 N% W$ Y& ~" v6 P0 v; ]2 t7 wSelect option “Automatically update all plots in JPEG files”. Click OK.
, d+ u/ V. i$ ~1 F- l2 q6 C- pYou can also get a print version8 U" w7 s% l8 Z- y; n; `6 I
Material3 W6 w1 Y) R+ b! L. D
Supports orthotropic material properties for solids and shells ) U7 i7 M4 |9 f) Q! m
Option to use different Material library files
3 }9 v; Z& D/ bNew redesigned material browser utility  [+ j* A7 k  [# z" ^3 U- u& w

4 I+ r* b6 @( ~8 R) h0 \Licensing
1 ^" f6 a+ x& v, c1 [Single license file for hardware lock & FlexLM security2 x, L; n( h6 d% t2 P
New License Administrator to manage the license. U1 p. `5 T7 _  B% a* E) [  ?
Support USB port hardware lock
! ^+ L1 ~& b6 _/ V8 QSupport redundant servers
: I% C' s8 t# r3 Z$ N# B. T4 ]$ Q7 E5 ?2 |
Other customer enhancements$ G8 ~6 A! U2 d/ W# d
Automatically run analysis after meshing
1 y7 `! T" R5 ^8 r- ]Edge pressure for shells
; _9 W  o1 S3 H3 u  [( kApply uniform temperature to components' `, x" _6 }! `& M
Automatic adjustments of Max & min in plots on update
) w/ p. d7 v$ h* c7 z8 YFFEPlus solver for thermal analysis+ c" f7 K6 S9 \' w- y
Increase the limit on number of modes for frequency analysis from 20 to 100( s. Z% V9 |' F7 _
Add symbol for gravity loads9 \, K& E* x, j3 m5 l1 I
Improve section clipping; D0 p8 V6 ^! D1 s+ Q' I
Save plots in JPEG format* w- |0 |5 I5 s" u7 e
Improve transient thermal animations/ L* Q3 ?6 _/ B. F$ \0 H
Option to switch between different languages
% {2 \8 }0 _2 |( |Others…- `% W/ u# i' D

5 @6 F7 S# X% S, B: b4 _9 F- MThank You!
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